Kodo Millets - Health Benefits to Know

Introduction:

Kodo millets, often dubbed as the "magical millets," are a valuable addition to your diet. Paspalum scrobiculatum, or Kodo millet, belongs to the Poaceae family and is known by several names such as rice grass, ditch millet, and cow grass in English, araka in Telugu, and kodra in Marathi. These millets come in various colors, ranging from light red to dark grey. Kodo millets have been cultivated in India for over 3000 years.

What distinguishes Kodo millets is their remarkable resistance to drought, ensuring abundant yields in a short time, making them of great economic significance. India leads the world in Kodo millet production, underscoring its economic importance. These millets are typically grown during the kharif season (monsoon season) and are available in various varieties, including Indira kodo, Jawahar kodo, TNAU, and more. Beyond economic and culinary benefits, they offer numerous health advantages. Let's delve into the nutritional value and health benefits of Kodo millets.

Characteristics of Kodo Millets:

Kodo millets display a range of scientifically-proven characteristics, some of which include:

1. Antioxidant potential.

2. Regulation of blood glucose.

3. Management of blood pressure.

4. Anti-allergic properties.

5. Potential to inhibit abnormal cell growth.

6. Abilities to lower elevated lipid levels.

7. Antibacterial properties.

Potential Applications of Kodo Millets for Overall Health:

1. Influence on Lipid Profile:

Hyperlipidemia, characterized by elevated lipid components like triglycerides and total cholesterol coupled with reduced high-density lipoprotein levels, is a concern. A study conducted by Narra et al. in 2013 examined the effects of Kodo millets on hyperlipidemia in rats. The results demonstrated that Kodo millets reduced total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein while significantly increasing high-density lipoprotein levels. This suggests a positive influence on the lipid profile. However, additional clinical studies involving humans are required to confirm these findings.

2. Management of Bacterial Infections:

Literature suggests that Kodo millets may have the potential to combat bacterial infections. A review by Sharma et al. in 2016 indicated that Kodo millets could inhibit the growth of bacteria responsible for conditions such as urinary tract infections and diarrhea. While promising, further research is needed to substantiate these claims.

3. Potential for Type-2 Diabetes Management:

Type-2 diabetes, characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to decreased insulin production or resistance, is a growing concern. A review by Han et al. in 2022 suggested that Kodo millets might help lower blood glucose levels. This effect is attributed to polyphenols that inhibit carbohydrate breakdown, reducing blood glucose levels. Additionally, Kodo millets have a low glycemic index, making them potentially useful in managing type-2 diabetes. Nevertheless, more research is needed to establish these claims conclusively.

4. Anti-Cancer Potential:

Literature has indicated that Kodo millets may reduce the risk of certain cancers. A 2010 review by Chandrasekara et al. proposed that Kodo millets could potentially hinder cancer initiation and progression due to the presence of phenolic acids, phytic acids, and tannins. While this shows promise, further scientific evidence is required.

5. Alleviating Malnutrition:

Kodo millets are rich in carbohydrates, proteins, dietary fibers, vitamins (like niacin and riboflavin), and minerals (such as calcium, iron, and phosphorus). They also contain antioxidants and phenolic compounds like vanillic acid, gallic acid, tannins, and ferulic acid. A review by Vinoth et al. in 2017 suggested that Kodo millets could help address micronutrient-related malnutrition. However, further studies are necessary to confirm these claims with more robust evidence.

Incorporating Kodo Millets into Your Diet:

Kodo millets can be ground into flour and blended with other cereals to create a variety of baked goods like biscuits, cakes, muffins, and pasta. Kodo millet flour can also be used to make chapattis. Additionally, Kodo millet flour is essential for preparing fermented foods such as dosa and idli. You can also use Kodo millets to make porridge and pulao.

Possible Adverse Effects of Kodo Millets:

There are a few potential side effects associated with the consumption of Kodo millets:

1. Kodo Poisoning: Consuming contaminated Kodo millets can lead to Kodo poisoning, characterized by elevated liver enzymes and liver toxicity. Symptoms may include vomiting, nausea, and unconsciousness. If you experience adverse reactions to Kodo millets, it is advisable to discontinue consumption and seek medical advice.

2. Goitrogenic Effects: Kodo millets contain goitrogens, which may interfere with thyroid hormones and result in an enlarged thyroid gland (goiter).

Precautions When Consuming Kodo Millets:

While Kodo millets offer numerous benefits, there are some precautions to keep in mind:

Kodo millets contain anti-nutrients like phytic acid and polyphenols, which can reduce the availability of nutritional components. To mitigate this, it is advisable to soak Kodo millets before use.

Interactions with Other Medications

Given their potential to influence blood glucose and cholesterol levels, it is important to exercise caution when consuming Kodo millets alongside specific medications. It is crucial to consult with your healthcare provider or Ayurvedic physician to understand potential drug interactions and dietary management, taking into consideration your individual health condition and medication regimen.

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Author Bio:

Kunal Tambe is part of the content marketing team at Two Brothers Organic Farms. With his team, he works tirelessly to create awareness about organic farming, food sovereignty, sustainable practices, nutrition, climate change and a myriad of issues that surround these topics. His content offers value to farmers, the agriculture industry and to end consumers. Besides writing and developing content strategies, he loves adventure sports and listening to classical music.